Steam generator



March 6, 1928. 1,661,544

H. A. NICHOLSON I s'rsm Gannamox Filed June 24. 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet! 2 INVENTOR I Armani;

Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

UNITED STATES PAT ENT OFFICE."

"HENRYUA. NicrroLsoN, or ARKLES BAY, AUCKLAND, is w znAnANn, As's enon TO ERNEST '11. clinic, or CKL ND, new zsatarm.

STEAM ennnnaron.

' 'Applieaticnfiled June 24, 1919; Serial No. 306,399.

This invention relatestosteam-generators, and one of the main objects is to improve the water-tube system in a boiler in'which circulation of water ismaintained. V a i e.

To this end the feed water is caused to flow into distributingheaders placed at the bot tom of the combustion chamber of the gen orator, and by means of these .headers'the water is divided up into fine streams, which in rise in a gridwork Composed of a 'set of'sections or coilsofzigzag tubing. .Each section is comprised-of lengths of inclined tubes, the upper end of each tube being joined to the lower end of the next above, which returns over the first, thus forming a zigzag coil or section, up which the "heated water readily flows. At the top the grid sections are joined to collecting headers, from which the heated water rises to onefor more drums.

From the drums, which arcconnected, the

cooler Water maybe led through a? descending main back to the" distributing headers,

whereby the circulation is maintained; Provision is made for, inspection and cleaning of "the Water tubes. The flames are preferably caused to pursue a zigzag course up through the gridwork.

Other featriresand advantageswill herein-' after appear. V In the accompanying drawings, 7

Figure 1 is a sectiona-lside elevation of a generator embodying the present improvements intone form. a 'i v Figure 2 isjas front-sectional elevation, taken on about the line 2-2 ofFigure '1.

Figure 3 is a sectional plan of the generator. v

The feed water flows from a pump 10 through a main 11 having aback-check valve 12 to a horizontal cross-main 13, to a header 16 at one side of the combustion chamber 17,

there being a similar header 15.at the other side of said chamber. Said combustion chamber has removable side walls 18 and and 19, and front and rear walls 20 and 21, andsurmounts a firebox 22, having grates 23 and an ash pit 24:. Openings in the top or bridge 25 of the fire-box are indicated at 26;

From said headers extend upwardlv zig- 27 are inclined upwardly in each section, the upper end of each length of tube beingcoupled by a union 28 to the lower end of the next length, to leave clear openings across the flame chamber, and the upper end of the zag coils or sets of water tubes. The tubes toplength ineach section being coupledto collecting header 29 orz30. Each length of tublng may be cleaned out from eitherend,

the unions being provided with clean-out holes closed by plugs-3i. If desirethcach section may be made indivi dually detachable. from the boiler. f l i i There are two horizontal collecting headers 29, 30 at the top ofthe combustion chamher, and preferably each coil of tubing 27 is joined at its lower end to the distributing header at one side of theboiler', and to the COllGCJlOl] header atthe opposite side of the boiler. a f a Said collecting headers 29, 30 are connected by pipes 32, 33 and elbows 34; to, drums and 36, respectively, header 29 being con nected at 37 to oneend ofdrum 35, and

header 30 being connected at 38 todrum 36. The water and steam do not discharge directly into the drums, but are led into a horizontal distributing pipe 39 in each drum, said pipe extending from end to end of the drum at the lower portion thereof, and having in its upper side numerous perforations 40 through which the water and steam may be delivered to the drum.

The perforated distributing pipe lies below the level of the water in each drum; and it distributes the heated water evenly from end to ,end of the drum, giving even temperatures of water throughout, giving advantages over delivering the water and steam in a stream at one end of the drumQ may lead a service pipe 42 having a stop valve 43, Each drum may be provided with a safety valve 44. The drums may be set on a bridge Work 45, and lie just beneath the dome 46 of the boiler, leaving aspace 47, so that the heated gases must pass all around the drums on their way to: the stack 48. The drums may also be connected to each other at their opposite ends by a pipe v49, as at 5 Figure 3.

From each drum may'extend down a return main (50, 51) leading to the header which is connected by grid sections to the opposite drum. The water which rises in the grid sections to the drums, may thus descend through'these mains to the distributing headers at the bottom of the combustion chamber, whereby circulation is maintained.

Baiiie plates 52 may be introduced in the aforesaid clear openings among the inclined tubes which form the gridwork, and by extending these plates alternately from opposite sides of the chamber, they may be arranged to leave flame passages at alternate ends, so that the fiamesmay pursue a zigzag course in rising to the top of the combustion chamber.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim combustion chamber, distributing headers one at each side of said chamber, means for feeding water directly to one ofsaid headers. a grid work of sections of tubes forming coils crossing each other in said chamber and connected at their lower ends to said headers, the tubes beinginclined upwardly in each section, the upper end of each length of tubing being coupled with the lower end of the nextlength, leaving clear openings across the flame chamber, collecting headers one at each side nea'r' th'e top of said combustion chamber, and each connected to said coils, the coils beginning at the header on one side of the chamber and ending at'the'header on the opposite side thereof, and being the only water circulating connection between said headers,'a'drum on either side oi? the'chamber connected to an upper header and to which the heated water is delivered from said header, and a return means fromcach drum to the headeron the same side of the boiler as is the drum.

2. A boiler comprising a combustion chamber, a header near the bottom ofeach side of said chainber,-means for feeding wal. A "boiler comprising a ter directly to one of said headers, a grid work of sections of tubes forming coils crossing each other in said chamber and connected at their lower ends to said headers, a collecting header on each side of the top of said combustion chamber, the coils connected to the lower header on one side of the chamber being also connected to the upper header on the opposite side of the chamber, and being the only water circulating connection between said opposite upper and lower headers, drums on either side of the boiler connected to said upper headers by pipes for conducting water and steam from said headers to said drums, said pipes extending into the drum and therealong and provided with numerous perforations within said drums, and a return pipe leading from each drumto the lower header on the same side of the boiler.

3. A steam boiler comprising a combustion chamber. distributing headers, one at each side of the lower part of saidchamber, and one at each side of the upper part thereof, means for feeding water directly to a lower header, a grid-work of two series of 'tubes, the tubes of each series leading from a lower heade and ending at the'opposite upper header and the tubes of the other series from the other lower header and ending at the opposite upper header, the tubes of both series forming coils zigzagingfrom one side of the chamber to the other, two drmus above the tube on either side of 'the boiler, connections from each drum to an upper and a lower header on the same side of the boiler the drums being disconnected for water passage between them whereby water forced into one lower header must pass in its circulation to eachd rum and header,'baffies extending alternately from "first one side of said chamber within the other lietwceu the adjacent coils of tubingottun'h series. and a casing having removable side walls whereby the bafiles are easily inserted or l'(' moved "for cleansing purposes.

HENRY A. NlGl-IOLSON.

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